Benefits of Integrating Fossil and Molecular Data Essay - 6

Benefits of Integrating Fossil and Molecular Data - Essay Example As explained by Neil Shubin, the occurrence of hiccups is as a result of the brain generating some electrical signals. Amphibian brains generate similar hiccups because they helped them to maintain a steady opening of their gills. Since we are products of evolution, our brains still generate similar hiccups. Recent research indicates that the level of obesity incidences is on the rise. This is as a result of the change in lifestyles and eating habits among individuals. On a closer look, Neil Shubin claims that the genes of our bodies were made to adapt to the rather active life of hunting and gathering as opposed to the relaxed modern living. Moreover, Shubin states that the evolution of the voice box has left many people vulnerable to breathing and swallowing problems. This is an indication that cells of living organisms are not fully adapted to their environment hence they are still evolving. In the analysis of the molecular structures, Shubin found out that somebody parts resemble d those of the early life forms. For example, the fins of early amphibians showed the clear resemblance to those of the human hands. Also, a fossil of a fish’s back-born indicated a resemblance to that of a human being. Neil Shubin further explained that our body cells function like bacteria and also our heads are organized in a similar manner to those of the jawless fish. This is a clear indication that human beings actually evolved from fish. Using the integration of fossil and molecular data, Shubin has been able to criticize the religious beliefs of the existence of a supreme being. Due to evolution, about 300 genes designed for the smell in human beings has been rendered useless. This prompted him to question the idea of the perfection of a Supreme Being claiming that if God is in existence, why would he create about 300 useless genes? Therefore, in the book ‘Your inner fish’,

Mastering Biology Suggested Answer Book Essay Example for Free

Mastering Biology Suggested Answer Book Essay The rate of reaction increases when the polyphenol oxidase concentration increases. 1m b Rate of reaction = 1/18 = 0.056 1m From the graph, the enzyme concentration is around 1.15%. 1m c Use boiled enzyme in the tube. 1m d The enzyme does not work in acidic medium. / The enzyme is denatured in acidic medium. 1m e The colour change becomes faster at start 0.5m as enzyme activity increases with temperature. 0.5m When temperature becomes too high, no further colour change will be observed 0.5m as the enzyme is denatured. 0.5m f The rate of reaction drops / stops if all active sites of the enzymes are blocked. 1m The inhibitor competes with normal substrate for active sites. 1m 11 HKCEE Biology 2003 I Q3b Essay (p. 4-23) 12 Enzymes are biological catalysts, speeding up metabolic reactions without being used. 1m Enzymes can be reused. Enzyme molecules return to its original form after completing the reaction. 1m Enzymes are required in relatively small amount because enzymes remain unchanged in the reaction. 1m Enzymes are proteins. They are easily denatured by high temperatures and extreme values of pH. 1m The actions of enzymes are specific. Each enzyme catalyses only one type of reaction. 1m Examples of enzyme application: Biological washing powder, papain in meat tenderizers, enzyme to coagulate milk to produce cheese, enzyme to modify the starch in bread, enzymes to break down plant cell wall in fruit juices, enzymes to remove hairs from hides 1m Advantages of using enzymes in the above applications: Enzymes are specific in action. This reduces the production of unwanted products. 1m Enzymes are efficient in small amounts. This lowers the cost of production.

The American Dream in The Great Gatsby :: The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The American Dreamâ€Å": what does it mean? Wealth, material possessions, and power are the core values of â€Å"The American Dream.† For many Americans, the dream is based solely upon reaching a higher standard of living. Gatsby was one of these Americans who lived his whole life in pursuit of wealth and power.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gatsby based his whole self-being on how much money he earned and the possessions he had. He felt that with money came many other advantages to life. Gatsby’s sole purpose for acquiring wealth was to win back his old love. When Gatsby first met Daisy he was underprivileged and considered unworthy because of his lower class status. He knew that while he was poor there was no chance of them ever uniting as a couple. â€Å"I was poor†, Gatsby had no money and he thought that Daisy â€Å"was tired of waiting around for me† (131). Gatsby felt that the only way to win Daisy back was to reach for what many people considered the â€Å"American Dream.† Gatsby achieves â€Å"The American Dream†, but his idealistic faith in money and life’s possibility twist his dreams and life into worthless existences based on falsehoods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gatsby was able to reach his aspiration in becoming wealthy. He worked all of his life employed in many different jobs in hope of making it big and being able to show Daisy what he had become. He felt that money would be able to buy him happiness. Gatsby also bought a huge house to try and impress Daisy. â€Å" A factual imitation of some Hotel De Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, and a marble swimming pool and more than forty acres of lawn and garden† ( 5.) His house was nothing more than a symbol of his wealth. Gatsby used the house in an attempt to win Daisy back. He would throw party after party hoping that one day she would attend and be amazed at what Gatsby had become. He bought all of his possessions not for himself, but to show others what he was worth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gatsby realized that Daisy’s main and only concern in life was money. She was so caught up in money and material things that it was more important to her than true love. This made Gatsby believe that anything was possible when you had money. After becoming wealthy his only purpose was to swoon and impress the shallow Daisy.

Fiji, My Country

My family is originally from Fiji which is comprised of 333 islands. Fiji became a British colony in 1874, and was granted its independence in 1970. For the most part during those 96 years, the British confined Fijians to their villages using a head tax – some say it was to preserve traditional power and social structures but at least one or two people argue it was payback for all the English heads that went missing during the days of rampant cannibalism. The British chose instead to use indentured labourers from its Indian colony to develop major sugar plantations in Fiji. When the British shipped out at Independence in 1970, they left behind roughly an equal number of Fijian and Indian citizens. These figures have since changed in favor of Fijians with post-coup migration. Fiji embodies everything the romance of the South Seas is supposed to – with laidback maritime charm, a warm, tropical climate, friendly people, exotic fruit and vegetables, and strange yet harmless creatures. Yet it also holds its own South Seas mysteries and can be a bit of a puzzle sometimes. Fiji sunset – Three Loose Coconuts Here you will find people who have helped propel Fiji tourism to international fame as the friendliest destination in the world. Yet, 37 years since Independence, Fiji also has under its belt four armed takeovers of Government and three Constitutions – promulgated in 1970, 1990 and 1997. Today Fiji is a multi-cultural country with its citizens including Fijians and people of Indian, Chinese, Pacific Islander and European ethnicity. This has helped Fiji become a cultural melting pot of sorts in the South Pacific (and allows for a nice smorgasbord at parties!). Colonial legacies continue though†¦ English is still the official language. People drive their vehicles on the left-hand side of the road. The currency is the Fiji Dollar. And sugar continues to be a mainstay of the economy – surpassed only by tourism these days. But I show you the geographical location of Fiji so that you would have a fair idea where this country is. It is located on the 180 degrees Meridian Line, where the new day begins. People will stand on an island in Fiji known as Taveuni and a straight line is drawn and where you can stand on one side of it and say, that you are in the present or future i.e. either today or tomorrow and yesterday and today. But let me show you exactly where my village is located on the small island known as Nairai in the Lomaiviti Province. The longer name for my island is known as Nairairainimarama or in English the island of beautiful women. Lomaiviti Province means the Central Province or Centre of Fiji. Fiji is a multiracial country rich with cultures and traditions and the indigenous people are Fijians who comprise of about 60% of the population and Indians with 40% whilst other minorities include Chinese and other Asians, Europeans, Americans, Australians and many others. Fijians like may other ethnic groups have their own cultures and traditions with which they are identified as a group of people. Our traditional system is such that is similar to the people of Israel as we have Chiefs or Leaders or Kings, then 2 sets of warriors, those who stand guard outside any Kings residence and another group of warriors which is only allowed to interact with the chief and allowed in the house. Then we have the Priests or Bete who offer advices and representatives who interact with others on behalf of the Chiefs/Kings and they send out messages of any meetings or events to other villages. Also there are those people who are known as commoners who perform other tasks like farming and fishermen known as Gonedau who go out fishing for the Chiefs and his family. But the Chiefs and his family do not eat the same food as his warriors or bati. So when a Fijian is born he or she is born with his roles and responsibilities and that cannot be changed unlike other systems i n the world. My Family My family originally hails from one of the chiefly islands in Fiji where many great chiefs and leaders come from. The name of the island is Bau. My ancestors were one of the few chiefs that left Bau Island for Nairai Island in the Lomaiviti Province in the 16th century. So our family members as from a chiefly background are leaders or chiefs having huge responsibilities to lead the people and serve them well. But to become a good leader one has to accept to learn and be educated because leadership is something that has characteristics or skills that must be learned and practiced. One must be seen as a dictator but have qualities to listen, control, speak and command the respect of his people. Our Fijian culture could be seen by some to be very complex because of the traditional values and beliefs it is attached with. To illustrate from the day a child is born, and within a chiefly system, the child will not be laid on bed for four days and four nights. The mother will be kept with the child under the supervision of old women in the village and will not be allowed to work as food will be gathered by others. A feast will later follow where relatives will gather to celebrate the birth of the child. At an early age, a boy will be circumcised and a feast will again be organized on the fourth night and even when he first goes out to the sea, the family will prepare mats and other things for him when he returns from fishing in the sea. For a girl or a boy engaged in a traditional dance for the first time he or she would be presented with gifts. Even when someone in the family travels abroad he or she will be hosted to a feast by relatives. There are things that we use for almost all traditional occasions or events or customs. These are whales tooth or known as tabua in Fijian and kava which is a derived from a kind of plant. The whales tooth has been a medium of exchange in the past until today and it is used for consultations and many other things including seeking support or reconciliation for a fight that had occurred. Also it is used by families to seek the approval of another family or families for a young woman to marry a young man. Usually, a total of not less than 10 whales tooth should be presented by the young man's family or relatives to the young woman's family or relatives. There a number of processes and many activities that must be performed traditionally to complete the establishment of a new family. However, people in the village as having different responsibilities and duties are expected to perform their own during the whole process. Even the passing of a chief or anyone requires the presentation of tabua and kava. Kava is used for discussions or meetings as well as a means of seeking approval for one or a group to entry into another village or family home. It is a sign of respect and acknowledgement. However, kava has been used in developed countries to produce depression tablets and other products that enhance performance too. Fiji has been exporting kava to Europe in the past and USA and other countries in the world. In Fiji and other Pacific Islands kava is common and used but has been abused for over consumption and takes away the real purpose for kava use. A child born in a chiefly village will be taught to do all the traditional presentations during all traditional ceremonies and know his role. For this reason, I will have to learn from my father and relatives of all the roles that I am obliged to perform whenever needed. I have shown below my family tree to help you gain some information on my family background.

Women in Sports

In today’s society women are not allowed to play baseball with men due to patriarchal myths and misconceptions that have been around since the emergence of baseball in America. All women should be able to play baseball with men and there is no legitimate reason why they shouldn't. Women are physically, mentally, and emotionally capable of playing baseball just as men are. With that being said their biological sex or gender should not and does not affect their ability to play baseball in the company of men. In addition their sex should not deem their athletic ability as inferior in comparison to men.Since the adoption of baseball as an American pastime, the sport of baseball has been cultivated and altered to amputate women exuding the masculinity of baseball. The emergence of baseball as popular and profitable sport has failed to acknowledge and highlight the athletic abilities women. Instead its conception has affirmed women to be fragile and it has also depicted women to not have the skills or talents to play and compete alongside men. There are numerous individuals who are opposed to fusion of women and men on the baseball field.These individuals use demeaning stereotypes and beliefs to support their claims. Often these claims are false and are not supported by factual or scientific data. For example these claims say that women are weaker than men, women are not physically capable of playing sports, or a woman's place is in the home rather than on the playing field. These claims have been in existence since the beginning of time and have filtered into the arena of baseball. These claims are used as agencies to enforce the superiority of men and the inferiority of women.Those who are opposed to the idea of men and women playing baseball together, often defend their argument with the belief that women are not physical capable of participating in sports. In addition they often entice the belief that women are more susceptible to injury than men. This is not a valid reason to exclude women and there is an abidance of research that refutes this claim. In addition to excluding women based on their sex, the sport of baseball is connected to racial segregation. It was believed that baseball was a white man's sport and only men who were white possessed the ability to play the sport.This ideology has filtered into present society, resulting in a few number of African Americans or people of color who participate in the sport. With that being said race is absolutely a factor in whether or not women can play baseball with men. Women who are not white are seen as inferior and they are not expected to be successful in playing baseball. There are great deal of stereotypes that surround race and a person's athletic ability. These stereotypes have been around since the â€Å"Americanization† of baseball and traces of them are still evident today.Physical size and strength, the possibility of injuries, and the color of one's skin have been used as strong reasons to prohibit women and girls from entering the world of baseball, all of these claims are absurd and false, these issues should not just be associated women due to their biological sex. Women regardless of race are just as capable as men to participate in the sport of baseball. We can alleviate and erase these myths surrounding the inferiority of women and the superiority of men in the arena of sports.To solve this problem we must start early, we must preparing girls early to have the ability and skill to play baseball amongst their male counterparts. Girls are often shunned away from little league games due to the toughness, manliness, or the possibility of becoming a tomboy. In addition, it is argued that girls would get hurt playing baseball and boys would quit the team. (Ring, 2009, p. 121) The idea that girls and boys don't share the same physical abilities in conjunction with excluding girls for their protection are often used a tools to keep girls from p laying boys.Girls are expected to play the feminine version of baseball, which was constructed to limit the physical capacities of women and girls and to prevent them from acting in a manly of masculine manner. It is commonly believed that boys are better suit for playing sports and girls are not regarding their physical capabilities. There are minimal differences in the physical development of boys and girls. Boys and girls are commonly equal regarding their physical capabilities, except that boys have greater forearm strength and girls have a greater range of flexibility. With the proper training or practice these differences can be reduced.It is also argued that girls are more susceptible to injury than boys and that their bones are not as strong as boys. The claim is just as false as the others that are used to exclude girls or women from baseball. According to Dr. Joseph Trog, â€Å"any age disparity in bone strength was negligible between the ages of ages of eight and twelve, and if anything, girl's bones tend to be more resistant to breakage than boys. â€Å"(Ring, 2009, p. 123) If girls are allowed to begin training at an early age there should not be any reason why girls and women should be prohibited from competing and playing amongst men.There are barely any developmental differences between young boys or girls and if there are they can be easily overcome with proper training. â€Å"The real difference in sizes and strength show up by the middle of high school, when boys and girls are fifteen or sixteen years old. † (Ring, 2009, p. 149) This refutes the belief that young girls and boys cannot play sports together due the so called differences in their physical capabilities. If individuals who are opposed actually did research instead relying on false claims they would see that there is no legitimate reason to separate boys and girls regarding differences in physicality.Instead of playing baseball girls and women are expected to play softbal l, which is seen as inferior with respect to baseball. The association of women and softball was thought to alleviate the issue of women playing baseball with men, â€Å"It served the purpose, so much on the minds of turn-of-the-century health and education experts, of providing women with safe, nonviolent way to get exercise, and it removed the threat to baseball of contamination by female participation. â€Å"(Ring, 2009, p. 60) This exhibited the fear of men regarding women playing baseball along with them.It wasn't that women were not physically capable of sharing the field with men, they were afraid of women taking the spotlight. With that being said, we need to start modeling our young girls into the wonderful and talented baseball players that they can be, instead of allowing them to settle for sport that was developed to limit their physical capabilities. I am not by any means suggesting that girls should not play softball because some women may be comfortable playing amon gst the ranks of men.I am saying that would limit those who are interesting in playing baseball. Once a woman has surpassed the collegiate level of softball, she is not able to pursue a higher level of success in softball. The only option is the major or minor leagues which solely based of baseball. It would be extremely difficult for softball players to revert to playing baseball. The sport of softball requires just as much skill and dedication as baseball and sadly they are segregated by gender with one being superior and the other inferior.Physical size and strength are not factors in the whether or not a woman is capable of playing baseball among men. Women of any size and strength who has the proper training and dedication for the sport of baseball are just as able as any man to play the sport. Individuals opposed to women sharing the field often use the excuses that women are not as strong as men and smaller them as well. They often associate women with weakness with women, as said before with the proper training and skill women are just able as men to play baseball.With that being said women can participate in the same training programs as men and receive the same results in strength gains. According to the National Strength and Conditioning Association, a women's absolute strength is less than that of a men's, but if strength is expressed relative to fat free mass or muscle cross sectional area the difference is greatly reduced or nonexistent. (Kramer, 2004) Although there are many myths circulating that men are significantly stronger than women, scientific studies repudiate those myths.Training programs need not to be different or toned down to perpetuate the notion that women are weaker than men and that they should play separately, and train according to different guidelines. According to Robert Conatser who is a certified athletic trainer and certified strength and conditioning specialist with a master's degree in athletic training believes that tr aining and experience would make it possible for some women to succeed at the integrated game. Ring, 2006, p 148) In addition, critics of baseball often claim that a woman’s naturally small stature in comparison to most men will inhibit their success in baseball. Individuals often associate a woman's size with weakness and this feeds this belief that women are not capable of playing with men. Women who are smaller than men are just as capable if not more of performing well in the sport. In the case of baseball, size is not a factor nor is gender or sex. The performance standards of baseball should solely be based on performance and technique.On average, males are 10 to 15 percent larger in physical stature than women. (Ring, 2009, p. 149) In my opinion this is not a substantial difference between the two and therefore size should not be a factor in baseball performance. The occurrences of injuries are negatively associated with women and are used as excuses to exclude women f rom playing baseball alongside mean. According to Robert Conaster, â€Å"Part of the resistance to letting women play with men is injury prevention. † (Ring, 2009, p. 48) It is obvious that most women are smaller than men, and if injury occurs due to a collision the woman is going to be more susceptible to an injury, but that is a risk taken. I feel as though the occurrence of an injury is possible with any sport regardless of gender or size, no one is safe from any injury. Critics often say that a woman’s bones are weaker than men making her prone to the occurrence of an injury as the result of a possible collision while playing baseball. That is also used as a form of resistance to suggest that women should not play with men. Even if a women were smaller than a man, if she strong or well conditioned her muscles would protect her bones in a collision just as a man's would. † (Ring, 2009, p. 149) This supports my reasoning why women should be allowed to play with men, if they train properly, possess the skills to perform the sport well, and exhibit dedication passion there should be no liable reasons to deny them the opportunities to playing with men. â€Å"Breaking a bone is not a predictable event: it has much to do with specifics of a hit, regardless of whether the player involved is a man or a women. Ring, 2009, p. 149) It takes skill, talent, passion and sometimes luck to prevent the occurrence of any injury, For example, â€Å"The ability of a pitcher to avoid injury from a line driven streaming at him or her from sixty feet away is the result of training, reflexes, not gender. (Ring, 2009, 149) There are so many ways to get around the myth that women are incapable of playing men as result of their gender, but a as a culture we have trained to associate men with strength and power and women with weakness and submissiveness.The success or ability in a specified sport is reflection of dedication, skill, talent, and passion refuting th e idea that its related to one's chromosomes. Baseball is immersed in a great deal with discrimination, in addition to someone being ostracized based on their gender; individuals are marginalized due to the color of their skin. The sport of baseball since its inception as an American passed time has excluded those who were not white or male. This made it difficult for both women and people of color to participate in the beloved sport.Although there were separate leagues they did not receive the same praise or respect as players who were white, instead they were seen as inferiors or alternatives. With that being said race is affects whether or not women play baseball with men and it has been an issue since its rebirth in America. Race is used another form of exclusion or definitive mark of superiority. Just as woman's biological characteristics were used a weapons of exclusion, race is used as well. These reasons are supported by the cultivation of seasoned stereotypes.For example Af rican Americans are expected to be fast and only perform well as basketball players or track stars, it is often said that baseball is not suited for African Americans. Currently there is absence of women of color within teams that are only for women, this was also relevant during the Americanization of baseball. African Americans were not allowed to play among white women and they had to form their own teams. African American women and other women of color were hit a double whammy, there were not allowed discriminated against as a result of their gender and their ethnicity as well.Race is a strong determinant in whether or not a woman participates in baseball. If women were allowed to play baseball among men, there would still be an absence of women of color. Women of color are not socially expected to play baseball and they are not expected to be good at baseball. This results in the limit or absence of women of color in baseball, thus causing disparities regarding race in baseball . Therefore there is a lack of women of color sharing the field with men and white women. I think white women would be accepted more than women of color if given the opportunity to share the field with men.Besides, due to the low number of women of color participating baseball will limit the integration of women of color and men. It is widely believed that if women were allowed to play baseball with there would be a shortage of available positions for men. I feel as though women wouldn't affect the opportunities for men to play. Individuals who are capable of performing a particular position as desired should be able to play regardless of their gender and those of the opposite sex should not feel threatened especially if they are on the same team.An individual’s talents or abilities should not be labeled by their gender, especially in the case of women. Men are threatened by a woman who may perform a sport better than them and often use the excuse that women are taking their positions. Would man say to his male counterpart who just happened to be more sufficient for a particular position, I would have to say no. The integration of women and me on the baseball field does not limit the opportunities for men. If a man performs a certain position better than a woman then the man should take the field or vice versa.Skill and technique should be the only determining factors not one's gender. Women are shunned away from baseball and are provided limited opportunities to share the field with me. Our society has developed many stereotypes and ideals to keep women out of the realm of baseball, these ideals are supported by numerous arguments, most of which are completely false. Since the evolution of baseball in America women have been seen as subordinate species regarding baseball and their abilities. In addition a lot of talented female baseball players have not acknowledged in history.Their accomplishments have been diminished by feminizing remarks, these wome n are not respected. It is widely accepted that women and baseball are not compatible especially regarding the integration with men. These stereotypes and beliefs have been lingering around for centuries; it is about time they are erased. Women should no longer be denied to play and be successful at baseball, we as a culture need to uplift and support women who want to play baseball alongside their male counterparts. Women are very capable of playing baseball with men, sciences proves it and the talented women who look to play baseball exhibit it.

buy custom Hospitality Law essay

buy custom Hospitality Law essay Non -Compete Provisions / Restrictive Covenants: a) What are they? Restrictive covenants or Non-Compete Provisions are said to be obligations where employers often incorporate post-termination obligations into an employees contract of employment hence an employee agrees not to do certain things after he or she leaves the company. They usually designed to protect and safeguard the employers business and are usually enforceable only to protect unfair competitive use of both customer contacts and trade secrets. b) Are they used in hospitality industry? The hotel industry is largely engaging itself in Protective Trade Secrets through Non-Competition Agreements thus with the rising occupancy and room rates that are cropping a turnaround in the hospitality industry, it is thus regarded that all the relevant time share organizations are duly placing an increased emphasis on keeping and attracting the best employees. But it is also good to know in a wide view what really happens when your best employee who the organization has fully invested heavily in and entrusted with the organizations best kept trade secrets, makes a decision to abandon the organization and join the completion. For instance in a recognized case from the mid 1990s, Radisson came up with an action against Westin and its chief executive officer, whereby the morals of the case was very clear in that an individual or an organization may be able to get an award of damages for valuable trade secrets that are actually lost or disclosed to an immediate competitor. It is therefore better to protect the trade secrets ahead by avoiding your employees from engaging into enforceable non-competition agreements because this might bring about the meaning of the difference between keeping, or sharing, your trade secrets and holding onto that very amazing and star employee in regard to the hospitality industry. c) What other industries are they utilized? Restrictive covenants are widely used in most sectors with regard to the safeguarding of the most trusted business secrets and information.. Moreover currently with many of the people changing jobs frequently, an employers very need to protect its important information is very vital and secure. Thus For instance, physicians are still trying to maintain successfully that restricting employment beyond 20 or 30 miles approximately from the employers place of business which is necessary to protect the physician business interests. Similarly the restrictive covenants are widely used in consultancy services of different fields, this can be noted greatly in the case of in Pathfinder, LLC v. Luck, whereby the employer provided consulting services to a chemical industry. Again they are largely used in manufacturing industries to safeguard the same from their manufacturing interests and hence control their businesses more better with their competitors out of hand, that is with no relevant information about them. d) Legal cases that demonstrate the meaning and significance of the provisions/covenants. Case one: Sherman v. Pfefferkorn The issue it was noted that during the course of his duties, the deliveryman acquired valuable information regarding customers' names and addresses and upon his termination, used all this information to compete with his former employer. Applicable rule: frankly speaking, a specific restriction in a non-compete agreement that stops a former employee from competing or working for a competitor thus this may be deemed reasonable and enforceable. Analysis: thus if the restrictions in the said covenant not to compete are unenforceable because they are more than overbroad, then the court will look deeply at the covenant to make the restrictions more than narrow thus making the covenant enforceable. Conclusion: Hence the court noted that "contracts restraining freedom of employment can be enforced only when they are reasonable and not wider than is necessary for the protection to which the employer is entitled and when not injurious to the public interest, thus the court enforced the agreement. Case two: Wells v. Wells The issue: this case here illustrates the most important distinction between buyer-seller and employer-employee non-competition agreements. The central issue in the case involved the reasonableness of the limitation on competition in Fall River and New Bedford. Applicable rule: holistically a geographical restriction in a restrictive covenant that safeguards an ex-employee from working for a competitor in a specific area or single location or the same is deemed or said to be reasonable, thus moreover those that restrict her from competing or engaging in this activities in a wider area or anywhere else unreasonable and unenforceable. Analysis: thus it is always important to largely ensure that the geographical limits are deemed reasonable in the consideration of the market or client served by the employee, or hence the specific covenants become unenforceable. Conclusion: hence the court duly upheld that the enforcement of the non-competition agreement, explaining that the good will interest a paty could protect was more expansive in the buyer-seller setting, hence unenforceable. Case three: Alexander Alexander, Inc. v. Danahy Issue: The non-competition covenants issue in this case arises out of an arrangement that had aspects of both a sale of a business and a contract of employment. Applicable rule: strategically the specific will to a change in the due terms and conditions of employment provide sufficient consideration to support a covenant not to compete entered into after the employment relationship has begun. Analysis: there should be no difficulty in concluding that the restrictions should apply the standards applicable to covenants that arise out of the sale of a business, hence every vital information should be looked at importantly for this to be deemed reasonable. Conclusion: The court henceforth concluded that all the restrictive covenants were generally a very important and integral part of the said agreement for the sale of the business. Part two: Trademark Law A Trademark is simply a brand identifier in form of a word, name, symbol, phrase or their combination utilized or meant to be used commercially to distinguish a particular manufacturers products from anothers and to show the source of the products. In some circumstances a trademark protection may stretch beyond mere words or letters to encompass broader aspects such as a products color or its packaging. Trademark rights give the owner a legal ownership and exclusive rights to utilize the mark for commercial purposes. For a trademark to be registered it must be very distinctive. By distinctive the law stipulates that a trademark must have the ability to clearly identify the source of a particular product it is being used on. The sole purpose of trademarks apart from giving manufacturers a reason to invest in quality products is that they make it obvious to the consumers the product identity and source. Trademark laws regulate the proper use of trademarks by giving a producer the rights to commercialize the mark nationwide for a given period of time, file an infringement suit in a federal court and recover damages, trade fees and other remedies in the event of a breach of that trademark. After a trademark qualifies for protection, the rights to the trademark can be gained either by being the first to commercialize the mark or being the first to file a registration with the U.S Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The most important aspect they consider before application is the depiction of a particular trademark. The applicant is first required to include a very clear presentation of the trademark in question and the precise products to which the mark will be used. A search on the USPTO database is then conducted to check for any similar existing mark before the applicant specifies the basis for the filing. The applicant may then continue to file their trademark application online through Trademark electronic application system (TEAS). The filing fee for any application is based on the number of marks applied for, the number of classes of goods in the application and the version of the filing form being used with the filing fee of the TEAS plus version of the form being $275 per a class of listed goods/services and the regular TEAS form being $325 per a class of listed goods/services. Ritz Hotel Limited vs. Shanghai Huangpu Lichi Leisure and Fitness Co. Ltd. On April 7, 2008, the Shanghais Intermediate Peoples Court heard a case of Ritz Hotel, Limited v. Shanghai Huangpu Lichi Leisure and Fitness Co. Ltd. regarding trademark infringement issues. Issue: The plaintiff, RITZ-CARLTON HOTEL COMPANY, L.L.C contends the use of the defendants, Shanghai Huangpu Lichi Leisure and Fitness Co mark RITS which in their view is similar to their already registered trademark RITZ with the two being players in the same service industry. Rule of law: Rule Statement The similarity between two Trademarks is determined in accordance with Article 9, Paragraph 2 of the Supreme Peoples Courts Decree. When compared, a plaintiffs mark is found to be similar to that of a defendants if the design, pronunciation, combination of colors, composition, connotation or the overall appearance of the elements combined causes confusion to the consumers as to the source of the goods or services or infers a means of connection between the two. Application of the law to the case facts In the case at hand, the RITZ is compared with RITS. They both consist of four identical letters except for the fourth letter; both have a similar appearance in block letters and they share a very close pronunciation. The defendant mark, RITS appears to be very similar to that of the plaintiffs RITZ trademark with a very high likelihood of causing confusion among the consumers as to the particular legitimate service provider. Conclusion The court decided that plaintiff has the legally exclusive right to the RITZ trademark since according to the Trademark Laws that right was the first to be approved and registered for the commercialization of their service. In absence of the permisssion from the registrant, it constitutes a trademark infringement upon a registered trademark to similarly use it on identical goods/service. Part 3: Protecting Recipes / Trade Secrets / Trade Dress a). Can recipes be legally protected from being copied? All the written form of recipes can be legally protected from being copied by use of copyright law, hence these can only be done once they are recorded in some manner or way, and for instance, they can be recorded on tape or else written down. b) Trade secrets and how they can be protected: information, including a formula, pattern, compilation, program, device, methods, technique, or process, that: (i) derives independent economic value, actual or potential, from not being generally known to, and not being readily ascertainable by proper means by, other persons who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use, and (ii) is the subject of efforts that are reasonable under the circumstances to maintain its secrecy.(according to Uniform Trade Secrets Act (UTSA).Significantly trade secret protection is based mainly on a confidential relationship which would not harm the employer and his business interests. c) Trade dress and how they can be protected: Generally Trade dress can be referred to as the total overall look and feel of any product or service, thus it incorporates any element or feature that may show the origin of the service or product. Hence to be protected, trade dress must be distinctive and non-functional. d) Legal Cases for each concept: Case one : Urantia Foundation v. Maaherra Issue: the underlying issue in this case was that the court had to decide extensively whether a book believed by both parties to be the words of celestial beings was copyrightable. Applicable rule: generally where an issue in hand is to be proved not to be copyrightable, then the court must take full measures to make both parties understand the materials are deemed to be protected when they represent full original work of the owner. Analysis: it is of great importance for parties to understand fully about copyright ownership, as for the foundation claiming to own the copyright and the defendant claiming that the book was not copyrightable because no human creativity was involved in creating the book. Then it is of due importance that the court will rule reasonably from the books content. Conclusion: The court held that even if the books content originated with a celestial being, there had been sufficient human selection and arrangement of material to satisfy copyright laws originality requirement. 114 F3d 955 (9th Cir 1997). Case two: MAGISTRO v. LOU INC Issue: the underlying issue in this case is that one party alleges that the other party committed a breach of contract and thus henceforth violated the Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act, and also violated the trade secrets act. Applicable rule: When reviewing questions of law, an appellate court has an obligation to resolve the questions independently of the conclusion. (Douglas Cty. Sch. Dist. 0001 v. Johanns,reached by the trial court. 269 Neb. 664, 694 N.W.2d 668 (2005)). Analysis: there is absolutely no doubt that the only question to be addressed here is whether Nolan with his specific engagements breached the contracts with Magistro by using trade secrets obtained from Magistro in the operation of Nolan's restaurants. Conclusion: The trial court found no basis upon which it could rule in Magistro's favor on the issue of deceptive trade practices Case three: ANTIOCH COMPANY v. WESTERN TRIMMING CORPORATION Issue: The case illustration appeal above engages the question of whether, as a matter of law, the Antioch Company's scrapbook album configuration is fully functional and hence ineligible for trade dress protection. Applicable rule: generally What Antioch company depends mostly over , is that in order for them not to be restrained from trade dress protection for the overall incorporation and combination of functional features, the said features must be put in an arbitrary, fanciful, or distinctive way. Thus the court must rely on the articulation of the principles of trade dress protection to enable the company follow the same. Analysis: for the company to recover for trade dress infringement, then the company must prove beyond reasonable doubt that the infringing feature is thus not functional. Conclusion: thus the district court significantly and correctly concluded that Antioch's claimed trade dress was functional as a whole, and thus it was in line with the laws that protect competitive economy. Buy custom Hospitality Law essay

Critique of Global Warming Research Paper Example

Critique of Global Warming Research Paper Example Critique of Global Warming Paper Critique of Global Warming Paper Essay Topic: Global Warming It is true that too cold climate can provoke downfalls of civilization, but whether human can handle the slow upward trends in temperature is also questionable. Due to the tiny increase n temperature, there may be more frequent and intense weather events, such as hurricanes, tornados, tsunamis, blizzards and so on, which cause huge loss each year or even injuries and deaths. Actually, human do not have any effective way to prevent such kind of disasters till now. Secondly, in the writers point Of view, one reason for global warming or greenhouse effect is good is that it keeps our earth warm. And the example of moon is given to show the importance of atmosphere. True, it is common knowledge that atmosphere keeps the earth warm; however, it has nothing to do with global warming. Generally, global warming only refers to temperature rising caused by human activities during a period of time, so the writers definition for global warming here is too broad. Thirdly, the writer argues that shifting of people caused by inundation is a continuing feature of history. And hence rise of sea level, caused by global warming is normal and not that bad. I do not think we can just regard shifting as a continuing feature of history. More importantly, it is also disasters for people who are shifting. And inundation is just part of effects of global warming; other effects such as climate change ND spread of pestilence are dangerous as well. Lastly, the author think some regions of our planet may need to be abandoned, while new zones habitability will become available as planet Earth warms slightly. Indeed, some regions may need to be abandoned, but the regions to be abandoned are not determined by human, instead, everything is controlled by global warming, which is not the situation human expect. Also, new zones habitability may not appear. As we all know, rise of sea level is caused by melting of polar ice and it just swallows terrine and leaves nothing but sea water.

Young Adult vs. Middle Grade Fiction Which Are You Writing

Young Adult vs. Middle Grade Fiction Which Are You Writing Young Adult vs. Middle Grade Fiction: Which Are You Writing? Jamie Evans is an editor and writer based in Atlanta. Her passion is young adult and middle grade lit, and she also specializes in romance and new adult fiction. In this post, she reveals 4 key differences between writing for YA and MG readers. Lastly, we arrive at word count. Middle grade fiction will generally be shorter than YA fiction, but again, there are exceptions.As a general idea:Middle grade fiction is generally 30,000–50,000 words (though fantasy can run longer to allow for adequate worldbuilding).Young adult fiction is generally 50,000–75,000 words (with the same note for fantasy).Of course, there are numerous exceptions (hey there, J.K. Rowling!), but as a debut author, this is still your time to be the rule and not the exception. Do you know how long your MG and YA novels should be? By highlighting the basic differences between YA and MG, I hope this serves as a helpful guide as you draft your stories!Jamie Evans is a Reedsy editor who is ready to help you with your manuscript. Share your thoughts and questions in the comments below.

Compare and contrast the tradional marker and new marker of liver Essay

Compare and contrast the tradional marker and new marker of liver fibrosis - Essay Example But is is fraught with several disadvantages and recent novel methods claim to overcome the disadvantages associated with liver biopsy. In this research article, both traditional and novel methods of liver biopsy evaluation are discussed. Novel assessment strategies include serological assays, imaging methods and genetic studies. There are 2 types of biochemical markers and they are direct and indirect. Direct markers evaluate for fibrolysis and fibrogenesis. There is evidence to show that there does exists a good correlation between different biochemical markers, suggesting the fact that they investigate similar process. While the role of biochemical markers are studied and many researchers have opined that they are better than liver biopsy, currently liver biopsy still enjoys the first line investigation method for diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis. Imaging studies and genetic studies are also considered useful, but in research stage. Excessive accumulation of various extrace llular matrix proteins like collagen is known as liver fibrosis. The condition arises because of chronic damage to the liver due to one or more causes like chronic hepatitis C infection, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcohol abuse. It has the potential to progress to advanced liver conditions like liver failure, cirrhosis and portal hypertension, requiring liver transplantation (Bataller and Brenner, 2005). As of now, there is no standard treatment for liver fibrosis. Though some treatments have been found effective among rodents, they have not been practical to apply on humans because of the difficulties associated with performing serial biopsies to evaluate and ascertain the changes associated with treatment accurately and also because of the fact that humans are much less sensitive towards antifibrotic treatments when compared to rodents (Bataller and Brenner, 2005). Currently, the most effective treatment for liver biopsy appears to be removal of the offending agent and the only curative approach for those with cirrhosis and complications is liver transplantation which improves not only the quality of life, but also the survival (Bataller and Brenner, 2005). Management of liver fibrosis is mainly based on the accuracy of the degree of liver fibrosis. Those with chronic liver disease need to be frequently evaluated for detection of liver fibrosis in early stages. Traditionally, liver biopsy was considered to be the "gold standard" test for ascertaining and evaluation liver biopsy. However, this test is fraught with several limitations and risks because of the invasive nature of the procedure. Recent investigations like biochemical tests, liver magnetic resonance imaging and genetic evaluation are non-invasive and overcome the disadvantages of liver biopsy. However, some experts continue to employ liver biopsy for evaluation of liver biopsy arguing that it is a more accurate assessment strategy. In this research article, both traditional and modern metho ds of liver fibrosis evaluation will be compared and discussed through review of suitable literature. A brief overview of the pathogenesis of the disease will be

Prescription Drugs Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Prescription Drugs - Term Paper Example What is fueling the rise in prescription drugs costs? A number of factors are accounted for the rise in prescription drugs costs, such as: 1. Rise in demand: Much of the increase in prescription drugs costs is attributed to the rising demand, consumption and utilization of prescription drugs. Ageing population, rise of lifestyle and chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and depression and specialty diseases such as Alzheimer’s etc. have led to high consumption of prescription drugs in U.S. Hence, leading to higher government spending on medical drugs. 2. Increase in drug development costs: The average costs to develop a new drug therapy increased by more than 60% from 2000 to 2005 hence leading to higher prescription drug prices for innovative medicines (PhRMA, 2011). 3. Direct to Consumer Marketing and Advertising particularly for higher priced drugs by pharmaceutical companies has also driven the demand, sales and overall spending levels. 4. Price Inflation: Retail prescription drugs prices have increased around 3.6% annually during 2000 and 2009, higher than the avg. inflation rate of 2.5% (Kaiser Foundation, 2010). It is estimated that prescription drug spending growth would undergo a slower pace until 2017 when high utilization would accelerate the demand for prescription drugs (Keehan, et al., 2008). The incessant rise in demand due to ageing population and rise of innovative medicines will resume to upsurge the prescription drug expenditures for current and future years. Drug development costs for innovative drugs will continue to rise, however, due to a number of patent expiries and higher penetration of generics medicines will balance the overall increase in such costs. The prices of mature drugs would fall in the future due to generic entries and price reviews by federal and state governments whereas prices of new innovative medicines

Dancing God Ganesha Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dancing God Ganesha - Research Paper Example Of particular interest in this case is that of Ganesha. This was a popular figure in the Indian art. This deity could be portrayed doing several activities for example standing, dancing, taking an action against a demon and many other postures that could be developed. Of concern in this case is the dancing Ganesha. This work of art originated in the Indian region. The Ganesha emerged as an element of worship in the Indian religion around the 4th century. All the Indians recognized this deity regardless of the affiliations they may be having. In no time this god became very popular in the Hindu worship. In fact Hindu religious writings recommend that the Ganesha be worshipped before the commencement of any activity, be it religious or not. This particular form of deity is seen to be one that resembles a human being but it has an elephant head. The portrait is actually seen to be a representation of the supreme beings that ensures that humans get success in whatever Endeavour they undertake. This is said to be achieved by the removal of any obstacles that may hinder the success of people in their activities. The portrait is designed in such a way that there is the depiction of four arms which the deity has. This piece of art happens to be on display at the Denver Art Museum. The portrait that is displayed at the Denver Museum seems to be a little different than what is described in writings and documents about the image. This is particularly in relation to the number of arms. The oone at the museum seems to be having close to seven or eight arms. The way in which the artifact is displayed in the museum may be rather confusing to the viewer, especially if it happens that the person interested in seeing the it has some bit of information especially with regard to what to expect. The sculpture is in the form of a stone carving but the attributes associated with it are not very much related to

Specialised nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Specialised nursing - Essay Example His care management needs will be complicated his diagnoses of autism, depression, and gastric cancer. The delivery of care will follow mainly the care pathway of mental health nursing with inclusion of elements in palliative care for gastric cancer. Evidence: People with autistic disorder have significantly increased rates of depression and bipolar affective disorder. Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders is more easily made in those who are verbal than in those who are severely handicapped, and therefore diagnosis, monitoring, and communication would be very challenging with John while conducting his care (Ghaziuddin, Ghaziuddin, and Greden, 2002, 299-306). Most patients with gastric cancer present in an advanced state. It has been found that palliative surgery is the only possible way. He is facing death without knowing its implications. From the nursing perspective, one of the main reasons for measuring the patient satisfaction is to provide information to facilitate care, which is impossible in this patient. For autistic patients admission to a hospital may be detrimental due to fear of exposure. The care management must consider nursing him in a special quiet room near the nursing station with frequent monitoring (Aylott, 200 4, 828-833). Palliation is an emerging model of care that emphasizes the supportive role of healthcare practitioners throughout illness with the main strategy being symptomatic control with the care being holistic so that suffering can be relieved at all stages of the illness (Dell et al., 2008, 177-182). Autistic persons with depression often show an increase in social withdrawal. When depression sets in, the level of isolation and withdrawal gradually increases. The problem may arise in the area of communication, which is an essential part of holistic care. It is important to note that the patients with autism are difficult to manage, and the care planning and management becomes more difficult in the given situation. Due only to his autism, he can become anxious and agitated when his routine environment changes. His admission to the hospital creates such a situation, since hospital is an unfamiliar environment for him. Special care must be taken to ensure an optimum care environme nt (Aylott, 2001, 166-172). Gastric Cancer: The main feature of a cancer cell is loss of regulation of the process of cellular multiplication. The growth of normal cells is rigidly regulated. In cancer cells, however, this growth control mechanism is lost or altered, causing cancer cells to divide continuously and without regard for the tissue requirements. As malignant cells replicate they grow in an irregular pattern, infiltrating surrounding tissue. This can result in infiltration of the lymphatics and/or blood vessels. By gaining access to these vessels malignant cells can be carried to other sites within the patient's body, where they will replicate and grow. To ensure that these malignant cells receive nourishment to thrive, angiogenesis occurs, which is the formation of new blood vessels. If left untreated, these cells will result in localized recurrence of the cancer and eventual spread. The spread of the malignant cells extends outward from the original tumour (Gilbey et al., 2004, 903-911). Surgery is the main modality of treatment of gastric cancer with very poor survival (Balmain, 2001, 77-82). The development of an individualized treatment plan for a patient must take

Discuss the MBS market in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Discuss the MBS market in the US - Essay Example Fisher Centre for the Economics and Real Estate Journal (Van Order, 2000). The paper also shows a little history about the mortgaged based securities market in the US. It also displays the subtypes of the mortgage-backed security. For instance, it indicates mortgages that have collateral especially those that are secured using bond. It also shows stripped mortgages that are acquired using the relationships. The paper also that there is also the secondary mortgage market where a network of lenders does sell, and the investors buy the existing MBS. The issue of market size and liquidity is. The paper also shows how the Mortgage-backed security is where the weighted average coupon (WAC) and the weighted average maturity are in the valuation of a pass-through MBS (Van Order, 2000). The paper also talks about the issue of credit risk where the credit risk of the mortgage-backed securities will depend on the susceptibility of the borrowers in honouring their credit obligations at the required time. It also shows that the MBS’ credit rating is usually high (Van Order, 2000). The Mortgage backed securities (MBS) entails a debt responsibility that act as a representative of the claims to the cash flows from various loan mortgages brought together. It commonly witnessed in the real estate properties. Mortgage loans are from mortgage companies, banks, and other originators, and they are into pools by the private entity, governmental or quasi-governmental entity. The entity will then issue securities that represent claims on the principal and payments of interest made by investors on the loans in the pool. The process is as securitization (Levin and Davidson, 2008). Most Mortgaged Backed Securities originate from government-based institutions especially those that deals with mortgages. Some of such institutions are NMA and FAM. It also involves other corporation in the

Medical malpractice. Requirements Texas Courts Impose for an Expert in Research Paper

Medical malpractice. Requirements Texas Courts Impose for an Expert in Medical Malpractice - Research Paper Example This discussion investigates the commitment of the Texas courts to improve the reliability of medical malpractice experts as sources of vital expert information in medical malpractice cases, with a view to understanding the required qualifications for such experts. Justification Cases involving medical malpractices are some of the most complex ones since the admissibility and the fact finding activities regarding a case are not based on a current occurrence but on a past occurrence that could have caused injury to the patient. This requires that a patient present an expert testimony, which must satisfy the court that the testimony will assist the court in its fact finding mission regarding the case, and that such opinion must be supported by the witness testimony if the case is to be held as valid (Jasper, 2010). This calls upon the experts in the medical malpractice cases to be fully qualified so that they can help the court establish the truth of the matter regarding the case since they are the most reliable source of expertise information in such cases. To enhance the capacity of the medical malpractice experts to help the court establish the truth regarding the failure of a physician to adhere to the required standards of care for patients, the State of Texas has provided certain qualifications, which the experts must meet. Definition of Terms Medical malpractice means professional negligence by a physician by way of action or omission that causes injury or death to a patient. Expert means someone widely recognized as a reliable source of technique or skill Review of Literature For an individual to qualify as an expert in a medical malpractice case, the individual must be knowledgeable and conversant with the procedures, methods and treatments applicable in the area where the physician, who is the defendant in the case, operates (Baker, 2010). This qualification is essential since it allows the expert opinion granted by the individual to be based on the acc eptable standards, procedures and treatment methods, as there are different medical practices for different regions. If an expert who is not conversant with the medical standards and procedures of the area is enlisted to provide an expert opinion, he/she will most likely base the assessment of the procedures and treatment methods on the standards of the area he/she is conversant with, thus giving an expert opinion that might mislead the court since the same standards could not be applicable in the region in question (Jasper, 2010). Thus, the courts in Texas allow medical malpractices experts to issue a statement of opinion if they are familiar with the acceptable standards of operation in the region. A clear understanding of the acceptable operation standards in a region allows the expert to be guided in giving a fair and adequate opinion regarding the level of act or omission of the physician defendant, which translates to liability (Roach, 2006). The other qualification for an exp ert in the medical malpractice case is specialization in the defendant’s field (Roach, 2006). While there was a tendency of allowing experts to give an opinion regarding the knowledge they have in the standards of operations of a certain field, it is certainly not possible for an expert to give a fair, adequate and valid expert opinion if he/she has not specialized in the field of the defendant. Additionally, it would not be possible either to give an expert opinion that is credible if the medical malpractice expert has no experience in performing the operations and techniques in respect

Discuss the MBS market in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Discuss the MBS market in the US - Essay Example Fisher Centre for the Economics and Real Estate Journal (Van Order, 2000). The paper also shows a little history about the mortgaged based securities market in the US. It also displays the subtypes of the mortgage-backed security. For instance, it indicates mortgages that have collateral especially those that are secured using bond. It also shows stripped mortgages that are acquired using the relationships. The paper also that there is also the secondary mortgage market where a network of lenders does sell, and the investors buy the existing MBS. The issue of market size and liquidity is. The paper also shows how the Mortgage-backed security is where the weighted average coupon (WAC) and the weighted average maturity are in the valuation of a pass-through MBS (Van Order, 2000). The paper also talks about the issue of credit risk where the credit risk of the mortgage-backed securities will depend on the susceptibility of the borrowers in honouring their credit obligations at the required time. It also shows that the MBS’ credit rating is usually high (Van Order, 2000). The Mortgage backed securities (MBS) entails a debt responsibility that act as a representative of the claims to the cash flows from various loan mortgages brought together. It commonly witnessed in the real estate properties. Mortgage loans are from mortgage companies, banks, and other originators, and they are into pools by the private entity, governmental or quasi-governmental entity. The entity will then issue securities that represent claims on the principal and payments of interest made by investors on the loans in the pool. The process is as securitization (Levin and Davidson, 2008). Most Mortgaged Backed Securities originate from government-based institutions especially those that deals with mortgages. Some of such institutions are NMA and FAM. It also involves other corporation in the

Chance to Pursue a Graduate Diploma Course in Law Personal Statement

Chance to Pursue a Graduate Diploma Course in Law - Personal Statement Example Nonetheless, the international reputation of Westminster Law School attracts a variety of students and has a conducive environment for studying at postgraduate level. The University of Westminster also provides excellent working and recreational facilities for graduate students, thus demonstrates a commitment to the graduate student body. Additionally, the Westminster law school is located at the center of the West End of London, making it easily accessible by public transport. Moreover, every student has his or her own personal tutor that also provides career development. This makes the University of Westminster a center for innovation and academic excellence. The reporter highlights that  "I am a highly determined individual. I have a wide range of legal skills, which I learned in the program of B.A, Legal Studies. Therefore, I consider a Post Graduate Diploma Course in Law to be an advanced step. I have a great interest in many subject areas. However, I am more drawn to a Post Graduate law degree in order to convert my B.A in Legal Studies to a law qualifying degree. The wide range of subjects that I have studied in my B.A course has helped me to become more open-minded. This has also made me a reliable and outgoing person with great enthusiasm and common sense, and I believe that these are some of the qualities, which I will need in order to pursue law successfully. My interests, among other things, including watching parliamentary legal debates, listening to music, reading, and writing. I also enjoy classical movies and meeting new people. During my time at Westminster, I developed the skills of time management and teamwork through interaction with fellow students. This also gave me an opportunity to share ideas with my colleagues, and this influenced my academics positively. "

Radio Station Interview Essay Example for Free

Radio Station Interview Essay As an AB Communication student, our professor requires us to have a Radio Station Visiting in one of our major subjects. Our professor gave us a set of questions that we need to ask to the DJ there and we prepared two more questions to be asked. We choose 10.1 YES FM as a Radio Station that we will visit. We had an interview with Mr. Richard Sarmiento also known as â€Å"Rico Paňero† who has a radio program every Monday-Friday from 3pm-6pm. We choose Ms.Abegail Lamban, One of our group mates to interview him. Her first question that we asked to him was his perception about radio station organizational structure. His answer was the production staff, traffic that is in charge for the organization of the commercials next is the Production Assistant they are always on the field assist the upcoming events and the last is the Radio Station’s Djs. According to Rico, there are 11 DJs in 101.1 YES FM. Our next question is how we can know the right organizational structure of a radio station when it comes to programming. â€Å"There will be a radio clock headed by a radio clock headed by a radio director who’s responsible for the radio program that they will go to air; they are also in charge on what songs they will play. The program runs by one talk set for each DJ good for five minutes, fifteen minutes are allotted for the radio commercials, ten minutes are for adlibs and forty minutes is for the songs† Rico Paňero answered. The following question that she asked is about the sustainable and functions of Radio Stations. Their transmitters are located near SM Megamall. The person who is in charge in that field is the program director, event manager, technicians and engineers who is in charge for the wirings. He cite some of the situations that they need to function as whole, he shared to us when Nicole Hyala needs a maternity leave they need to buy a lots of gadgets for them to have on air live all the way from Novaliches. In their field of work, there are also misunderstandings between DJs and technicians that can be resolve by a simple talk. The next question is regarding the various radio formats. According to Rico Paňero, only DJ Chico Loco has a radio program title. She also asked him if they are making a way if the listeners are suffering. Their boss arranged the time for them to allow talking. They also read some of the feedbacks especially of it are about their signal as if they don’t have a good signal on that particular location and it sounds like mono that you’re listening to an AM Station. There should be a limit in reading feedbacks and greetings. The fifth question is the Scriptwriting for radio. Rico Paňero said, â€Å"Some of the DJs who made script are the new ones and they need to have a guide on what to say on air†. He also added that you should be prepared of the topic before the microphone went on. According to him, there should be an introduction wherein you need to introduce yourself, you must cite some situation like traffic updates and weather condition. Your topic must be relatable for your listeners and current events or news. Rico Paňero shared to us some of the techniques if you are running out of words you should greet someone or promote some of the endorsements. Our last question that our professor prepared is the techniques in announcing for Radio. Rico Paňero said that you should be prepared of what you are going to say, it should be credible and it is necessary that you have a big voice and projection. My other group mates prepared another three questions for Rico Paňero one of our questions is his opinion about playing OPM songs every hour. â€Å"Majority of our songs that we play in our station is OPM there is no problem about that† Rico Paňero answered. Abegail also asked him why is it that every Sunday, they need to play old songs is it necessary for them to play old songs. â€Å"The elders want the songs that they can easily relate to it and the listeners are also hooked that every Sunday there will be old songs to be played† as Rico Paňero answered. The last question that been asked does the television helped a lot in the music industry of the Philippines. â€Å"The singers or bands get notice not because of the television but because of the radio† Rico Paňero answered confidently. The singers and bands get more famous if they already have an album that can be played in radio. That ended our exciting and very humble interview to him.

William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying Essay -- As I Lay Dying 2014

â€Å"The past is never dead. It's not even past.† ― William Faulkner In William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying, characterization, specifically through the multitude of narrators, transforms an otherwise pedestrian plot into a complex pilgrimage to the truth. As I Lay Dying is told from the perspective of fifteen different characters in 59 chapters (Tuck 35). Nearly half (7) of the characters from whose perspective the story is narrated are members of the same family, the Bundrens. The other characters are onlookers of the Bundrens’ journey to bury their mother, Addie. Each character responds to the events that are unfolding in a unique way and his or her reactions help to characterize themselves and others. â€Å"†¦each private world manifests a fixed and distinctive way of reacting to and ordering experiences† (Vickery 50). They may choose to constrain their reaction to the realm of audible indulgence in the form of word, through the actions they take, or by reflecting upon the situation in contemplation. These responses shed light upon what kind of personality each character possesses. On a conscious level the characters make decisions based upon three criteria. They can act on sensation, they can use reason for guidance, or they can act upon their innate intuition. â€Å"Faulkner is able to indicate the particular combination of sensation, reason, and intuition possessed by each of his characters†¦ through a subtle manipulation of language and style† (Vickery 51). Faulkner portrays each character through their thought process and thus characterizes them as the product of their choices. The eight non-Bundrens, friends, neighbors, and onlookers alike, are employed by Faulkner to characterize the family members, however the credence of t... ...s against us lazily† (Faulkner 158). Works Cited Campbell, Harry Modean, and Ruel E. Foster. A Critical Appraisal. New York: Cooper Square Publishers, Inc., 1970 Faulkner, William. As I Lay Dying. New York; Vintage Books, 1985 Kinney, Arthur F. Faulkner’s Narrative Poetics Style as Vision. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1978 Magill, Frank N. â€Å"William Faulkner.† Critical Survey of Long Fiction. Englewood Cliffs: American Libraries, 1985 Morris, Wesley. Reading Faulkner. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1989 Tuck, Dorothy. Crowell’s Handbook of Faulkner. New York; Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1964 Vickery, Olga W. The Novels of William Faulkner A Critical Interpretation. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959 Wadlington, Warwick. As I Lay Dying: Stories out of Stories. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1992

The Effect of Employee Assistance Programs At the Workplace Essay

The Effect of Employee Assistance Programs At the Workplace Throughout the business world, one of the largest problems individual businesses face is the use of illegal drugs and alcohol. These substances greatly affect the business and workplace environments for many individuals. Employee assistance programs were created to help deal with augmenting substance abuse problems. Employee assistance programs enable a companies and its workers to detect if a co-worker is having problems and aids in helping them to overcome their problems by giving them advice or suggesting counseling. Critics have noticed some problems with this program. One problem is the lack of confidentiality and the fact that co-workers and bosses are afraid to confront their workers. In order for companies to minimize their loss of money, and for employees to stop ruining their lives and the lives around them, the employee assistance program is a necessity. Appropriate prevention and intervention efforts with employee assistance programs will save companies from losing experienced employees, and save employees from failure and even death. The most tremendous problems that companies are facing in the Nineties are the abuse of drugs and alcohol. Alcoholism is defined as a chronic, progressive, and fatal disease. The American Medical Association has recognized alcoholism as a disease since 1956 (Scanlon 9). An alcoholic is identified as having a severe dependency, or addiction, and a cumulative pattern of behaviors associated with drinking. Alcoholism is apparent when someone is frequently drunk, having marriage problems, driving while intoxicated, getting fired, or being arrested (Drug Abuse). A significant difference between being an alcoholic and a drug addict is that drugs, no matter what the age of the user, are illegal. Drug abuse is defined as the use of a drug for a purpose other than for its possible intended medical purpose, which causes a person to be impaired physically, emotionally, and socially. In both cases people use these substances as a way to escape from their problems, and as a way of postponing upcoming problems in their lives (Scanlon 10). Substance abuse is the misuse of any substance leading to a loss of control over mind and body. Employee assistance programs were founded in 1971, and they: â€Å"Have been working to develop and main... ...Tyrone. â€Å"The Quick Fix.† The Seattle Times 22 Dec. 1997: C1. Cooper, Lynn M. â€Å"Work Stress and Alcohol Effects.† Journal of Health and Social Behavior Sept. 1990, 260-263. Dickman, Fred ed. Employee Assistance Programs. Springfield Illinois: Charles Thomas, 1988. â€Å"Drug Abuse Self Assessment Survey.† 23 April 1999. Gerhart, Clifford. â€Å"Fighting Substance Abuse on the Job.† Alaska Business Monthly Aug. 1996:46-50. Goldberg, Carol. â€Å"High Price of Addiction.† LI Business News April 1998:1. Hartwell, Tyler D. â€Å"Workplace Alcohol-Testing Programs.† Monthly Labor Review June 1998:27-28. King, Phyllis A. â€Å"Alcohol in the Workplace.† Supervision 59 (1998): 16-18. Maynard, Roberta. â€Å"Handling Drug Problem on the Front Line.† Nation’s Business Aug. 1997: 11. Miller, Andy. â€Å"Employee Assistance Programs.† The Atlanta Journal and Constitution 30 Aug. 1998: 7. Scanlon, Walter F. Alcoholism and Drug Abuse in the Workplace. New York: Praeger, 1986. â€Å"Substance Abuse in the Workplace.† 23 April 1998. â€Å"Substances in the Workplace.† HR Focus Feb. 1997:1-3. â€Å"The Economic Costs of Alcohol and Drug Abuse in the United States.† National Institute on Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 23 April 1999.

Prevention Plan for Divorce Before Marriage

Phuong Ho Prof. Janice Falbert CDFS 321 Section 9 Personal Relationships Wellness Philosophy Paper (PRW) Fall 2012 Marriage is one of the most essential factors of human life. It creates the basis for everyone to pursue a better, healthier, and happier life. However, it is the fact that there are more and more couples marrying and then ending up with divorce, and this rate is increasing faster year by year. Actually, all the divorce cases are originated from some of the forms of emotional illness that gradually appear in each partner during the time of their relationship.It is good to cure these forms of emotional illness to solve the martial problems of the specific patients. However; it is absolutely the best when the original points are studied and determined before they become the serious and fatal clues to damage marriage. What I am talking about here is the prevention efforts to be applied to the time period before couples marry, not after. I also present my Prevention Plan con taining the ideas, of preventing any chances that can cause divorce, for pre-marital couples.This is the ultimate result of the combination of my total knowledge about marriage and the practical philosophy of Primary Prevention material. It is true that relationship before marriage plays an important role in coupled life ahead; it also builds the foundation for the good, healthy, and happy marriage. However, it is completely wrong saying that dating works effectively to screen out future divorces, particularly those that occur early in marriage.Actually, dating does not have anything to do with the separation of married couples. The point here is that dating and marriage are different. Of course dating is important to lead to marriage. However, dating is a step to get two people closer and to see if they are for each other, and marriage is a commitment with full of incidents and probabilities. Loving someone, committing to him/her, and living together for the rest of your life are t otally different. This illustrates well for the divorces happening early in marriage.Many troublesome things happen when marriage life starts out. Things change dramatically, and the couples have to work through themselves or asking for professional help or divorces is the consequence. Another reason to say that dating is nothing to do with future divorces is that dating not working out leads to break-up right after that. People do not wait until they get into marriage, and then regret for what happen and say goodbye to each other. It does not work this way.Really, problems can appear during the dating; couples tend to learn how to overcome it (just like married ones); however, if they cannot find the same solution for this problem, break-up is easy to be brought up right away. Separation in dating is a lot simpler and easier than marriage. No such couples resist each other’s problems until they get married. As what I said previously, my Prevention Plan, which I will introduc e to you, is built upon my martial knowledge and the information from Primary Prevention material. So what is Primary Prevention?It is actually a distinct level from the three-tier model, which is pretty much similar to the main Prevention model, containing Primary Prevention, Secondary Prevention, and Tertiary Prevention. Secondary Prevention (treatment activities) is about trying to decrease the length of time an individual or family experiences an emotionally distressful situation; Tertiary Prevention (rehabilitation activities) is about preventing the recurrence of a debilitating problem and to restore as high as possible the level of individual and family reorganization.Like the other two, Primary Prevention, considered as a hybrid form originated from Prevention, has its own characteristics and techniques, which are about aiming to reduce the incidence of new cases of mental disorder in the population by fighting against harmful forces which operate in the community and by str engthening the capacity of people to resist stress. So, unlike the purpose of Secondary Prevention shortening the time the patients resist and purpose of Tertiary Prevention avoiding the repetition of the illness, the Primary Prevention is more straightened method of anti-emotional-distress.It focuses directly on the fight against the mental illness created during the process by helping patients develop the abilities to avoid stress. Primary Prevention focuses mainly on groups of patients but for the specific problems that those groups obtain. To get a wider and deeper view of these concepts, let get back to the original Prevention. The fact is that the perception of Prevention is not new at all. The ideas that mental distress might be prevented and eliminated happened a long time ago, back to the ancient time.However, the fully attainable concept of Prevention as a Public Health treatment was recently developed when the number of serious mentally ill patients as well as divorces go es higher and faster. Prevention provides strategies that not only help all the patients take part in avoid illness and promoting health, but also enlighten the misunderstanding and wrong claims and opinions about emotional distress. Really, there were any people bringing on the ideas saying that major illness is surely in large part genetically determined and is absolutely not preventable, at most modifiable.Prevention proves that these ideas are wrong and that mental problems are not such diseases that can be hinted to any microorganism or DNA thread. They are actually troubles derived from the very normal routine life of each individual. Sometimes they can be cause from the factors of that patient’s life like family, friends, colleagues†¦; sometimes they are from the patient himself/herself. Therefore, because those problems are not genetic and instinctive, it is easy to result that they can be controlled, prevented, and eliminated. 4] So, how does Prevention do its j obs as a helpful treatment of promoting mental health and avoiding illness? The answer is in its technology given by four specific tools as Education, Community Organization, Competency Promotion, and Natural Caregiving. Each of them has different perspective, way of approaching, and practical application but they all have the same purpose of preventing mentally illness and promoting health. [3] My Plan of prevention of Divorce is a combination of martial and relationship tips, academic and proved material, and practically social information.The points are simple rules and tips to some people in their lives, but these people are failed to recognize or even ignore and underestimate them. This leads to number of serious consequences to their marriage lives, even divorces. As I mentioned, all my attention will be the Prevention applied to the time period before couples married. Firstly, the optimal step for the all couples before they commit to each other in order to have a good and st able marriage is to question themselves and each other â€Å"Am I sure? Are you sure? [6] That means a premarital couple have to make sure the other is the only one and their ultimate finish of love. Both of them have to make it clear that the other one think the same and is literally willing to commit to this life ahead. [5] There are some couples rushing to marriage by their contemporary passion and feeling without thinking reasonably. Certainly, this kind of marriage later will obtain many obstacles and problems and suffer from the multiple consequences including divorce if they do not ask for any help. Marriage is an important thing ever happening to a person.Make sure that is the right one and be ready to spend the rest time of your life with him/her. [1] The second point of the Prevention Plan is â€Å"Professional help is not supplementary, at all. † Some couples think they are fine with everything; all they need to do is go ahead and be ready for a wedding without th inking twice about this as a big incident that will change their lives forever. Premarital counseling is extremely important that helps couples have a clearer and more complete view of what is going happen and how things change dramatically after they become husbands and wives.Besides, this is also a chance for the couples to make up their mind again and see if the other one is really the one. This may create disappointments for some couples when they think they already know everything about their relationship (but they do not). However, this is one of the most effective ways to prevent the probability of divorces happen right before the marriage happens. [2] Another thing that affects most to the stability of marriage life of any couple is â€Å"Defining expectations can help build a good plan. † Any victorious battle has its own strategy.What are the expectations? They are intentions, standards, rules that are summed up by both sides of couple and will be applied for their future family. The same with this situation, a happy future house is not only built with love, but also with wisdom and knowledge. The expectations can be only found, treasured, and carried by communication, and the best way to communicate is, of course, talking. [6] Beside building, reinforcing, and enriching the love, respect, understanding to each other, the couples should take time having some serious talking, discussing about their future family.Many things this talking can come with are such as finance, children, sex, housework, religion, jobs†¦ Having a clearer and practical view of these factors can help couples avoid many unexpected issues popping up in their future life together. It will be a lot easier and simpler to avoid, deal with and fix these problems when the insiders already know the concepts of original issues. [2] Many people think it is wasting of time and unnecessary to spend their time for their future marriages while they have not even get married yet.Ac tually, this period of time is the bridge between the dating and marriage. Maybe dating does not work effectively to screen out future divorces, particularly those that occur early in marriage; however, preventing is much better than fixing. This period of time is the most magnificent transition step for couple to reinforce their points of view, concepts, and knowledge about the marital lives waiting for them ahead. Therefore, I can surely say that my Prevention Plan will work effectively in any society, including a nation with a high rate of divorces like U.S. As you can see above, this plan with three general tips is simple and trivial point in premarital relationship; however, missing, ignoring or even misusing them can lead to serious problems. Not only the citizens are educated about marriage promoting and divorce preventing, but also the influence of mental health service in U. S. will get more appreciations, attentions, and profits from the public. These profits can help impr ove the U. S’s medical health development in many ways also.The open behaviors that I encourage couples to do are completely suitably helpful for Americans especially young people to develop themselves a confidence in dealing with different situations that life brings to them. Number of stably happy families maintains and improves; divorce decreases; society is higher in standards; the country is stronger. The best way to get the Prevention Plan maximized its power is to publicize and popularize them as a guide for premarital, engaged, or long-termed couples.The therapists, professionals, or mentalists of Marital Mental Healthcare need to know about and encourage the couples to apply it. The plan should be also introduced to people by media like Science newspapers, Family or Health magazines, the online articles†¦ In order to get more results, the government also should legalize the law that each premarital couple have to take mandatory Marriage and Family course in orde r to have better perspectives of what they are going to face in the near future and to give them a chance to rethink if what they are doing is right or wrong.This will raise a flow of opposing ideas from media and public about imposing and frustrating premarital couples. This Prevention working means the rate of marriage of U. S. will decrease in some way also due to the cut way of couples who realize they are not ready for marriage. The birth rate is also stable due to the couples already talked about children issues before marriage. There are absolutely less poor or foster-care children due to the number of broken families reduce. The children’s future life quality is more clearly defined in a positive way. [1]Divorce rate decrease can lead to many social advantages and benefits to both people and government. My plan simply gives a little help to the couples that will be the future husbands or wives. Hopefully with its help, our nation will develop in a stable tempo. Though my plan plays as a tool to prevent Divorce for couples before marriage, it is the most important when the couples themselves are willing to do what the plan says. References 1. â€Å"How do you know that you married the right person? † Available: http://www. marriagemax. com/prevent-divorce. asp 2. Prevent Divorce before you get married. † June 22, 2009. Available: http://www. crosswalk. com/family/marriage/prevent-divorce-before-you-get-married-11605052. html 3. â€Å"Wellness – Primary Prevention. † Material. 4. Primary Prevention and its technology. † Material. 5. Marriage and the family: Diversity and Strengths (7th Edition). Olson-DeFrain – Skogrand. Chapter 9: Friendship, Intimacy, Friendship. Material. 6. â€Å"Preventing Divorce Before you Say ‘I Do’. † January 30, 2007. Available: http://voices. yahoo. com/preventing-divorce-say-do-177817. html

Morbid Obesity The Problem Health And Social Care Essay

Fleshiness is a medical status in which unnatural surplus fat has accumulated in our organic structure. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in populations. Harmonizing to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United state, 850 million people worldwide were undernourished in the old ages between 1999 and 2005. Genes and unhealthy life style do play a function in the development of fleshiness. Obesity besides associated with several comparatively common diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, bosom disease ( CVDs ) , and some malignant neoplastic diseases. So, I feel that is of import to hold an effectual intervention that can assist them lose weight for good. I am traveling to discourse the a possible solution for this job in this study.BMI = Weight in Kilograms / Square of tallness in metres.Obesity-image001 SoA A BMI = Kg / square MS. orA A A BMI = Weight ( pound ) * 703 / tallness ( inches ) 2 BMI is indexed as follows for mention: BMI A & lt ; 18.5 A = A Underweight BMIA 18.5 – 24.9 A =A Normal weight BMI A A 25 – 29.9 = A Overweight BMIA A 30 – 39.9 =A Corpulent BMIA A & gt ; 40 = A Severely corpulent Table 1: Body mass index ( BMI ) is the most simple and utile index to gauge organic structure fat. Overweight is the index people are being corpulent. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.obesity-cause-symptoms-treatment-cure.asp.htm ( 207 words ) bmiCompGraphSimple_-1661997252_Small Graph 1: Graph of BMI & gt ; 30kg/m2 by differents state for ages 15+ in 2005, harmonizing to the research made, the figure of people acquiring fleshiness is increase along the old ages in many state. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.com/obesity/BMI Based on the graph, the prevalence of fleshiness is increase dramatically in all Europes and United States. This observation is support in the book Obesity, Etiology Assesement Treatment and Prevention preface by Jack.H.Wilmore and edited by Ross E Andersen. ( 308 words )A possible solutionAfter making some research, I have found that bariatric surgery is the most effectual method in assisting those who are holding fleshiness. There are two types of bariatric surgery that are most common usage which are cut downing the volume of the tummy ( e.g. by adjustable stomachic stria and perpendicular banded gastroplasty ) , which produces an earlier sense of repletion, and cut downing the length of intestine that comes into contact with nutrient ( stomachic beltway surgery ) . Adjustable stomachic stria. MMPE_01NUT_06_01_eps Figure 1: Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ( LAGB ) Restrictive processs [ 24 ] A silicone set is puting around the top of the tummy utilizing cardinal hole surgery. It so making a little pouch and a narrow transition into balance of tummy. No film editing or stapling of tummy involve. It will cut down the tummy gap where the gorge and tummy meet. The size of gap can be adjusted or controlled by increasing and diminishing the volume of saline solution inside it, through a port placed under the tegument. Patients usually can travel place after 1 or 2 after surgery [ 22 ] . ( 485 words ) Roux-en-Y stomachic beltway surgery. MMPE_01NUT_06_02_eps Figure 2: Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Malabsorptive processs [ 25 ] The tummy is divided and a little pouch which limits Calories is formed silmutaneously as the bulk of the tummy is sealed of. A part of the little bowel is so divided and sewn to the freshly created little tummy pouch. It can be performed as the unfastened surgery or laparoscopic surgery [ 23 ] . †Forty per centum are utilizing the set and 30 per centum are utilizing are utilizing the marker † By Dr. Mal Fobi top bariatric sawbones Actually, it is based on the sawbones on taking the most appropriate type of bariatric surgery for the patient. ( 592 words )Effectiveness OF Bariatric SurgeryBariatric surgery is effectual in dainty fleshiness by lose their weight. It besides said have less complication therefore do it most suited as a intervention. †I do n't desire to be chesty, but I popularized the fleshiness surgery in America † By Dr Mal Fobi top bariatric sawbones Figure 3: Singer actress Jennifer Holliday, weighing 340 lbs is shown in this 1982 file exposure with the Tony award she won for her work in the Broadway knock Dreamgirls. In 1989 Dr. Fobi done beltway surgery on her and she lost 200 lbs until today she managed maintain her weight. [ 32 ] Graph 2: Shows decrease in organic structure mass index over clip ( B ) and percent surplus weight lost over clip ( degree Celsius ) after laparoscopic duodenal switch and concurrent processs [ 31 ] . ( 719 words ) I have found the effectivity of bariatric surgery based on the research done in the 1995 in Florida. The research included 34 patients who had undergone either a stomachic beltway ( RYGBP ) ( N=30 ) or a perpendicular banded gastroplasty ( VBG ) ( N=4 ) . The mean follow up period was 6 old ages. The per centum weight loss ( % EWL ) was 66 % . †When asked, most patients agreed that if they had to make it over once more they would ; merely two said they would non † based on research done in Florida in 1995 [ 32 ] . All the informations above are dependable beginnings since the informations are all in different beginnings but still shows about the same consequence in the effectivity of bariatric surgery. The writers of these beginnings are good known people that had done their research on bariatric surgery. Although, all the surveies showed the old ages that can be see out to day of the month comparison to now but this proven that the engineering in that clip is possible in overcome fleshiness by surgery. Therefore, now we have advanced in engineering which makes surgery go more effectual in dainty fleshiness. For illustration, now we have laparoscopic technique instead than open surgery which minimize the cut on the tegument and complication during carry out the surgery. ( 918 words )Social and economic deductionsSOCIAL EFFECTSWhen people are acquiring fleshiness it is really the beginning towards many fatal diseases particularly cardiovascular disease ( CVDs ) . This may take to the unhealty society in a large figure. Since people acquiring disease from the consequence of fleshiness that can likely do a patient bash non capable to execute their day-to-day activities particularly go to work and do a big load to their households and friends particularly their loved 1s. In the movie of play series †Manjalara † in TV3 which illustrates a teenage miss holding an fleshiness, it conveys the palpably existent hurting of household and loved 1s. Sometimes she besides being humilliated by others particularly by some of her relations and friends. The surgery done do work-albeit with side effects-and she are acquiring better after that [ 2 ] . Furthermore people with fleshiness tend to acquire emphasis when they are strive to cut down their weight. Some of them seek many medical specialties including pills, herb teas, and even utmost manner by non eating or others likes holding binge-eating syndrome and aneroxia nervosa syndrome of fearing acquiring weight addition that cause an inauspicious effects in their wellness. Some of Herbal weight loss pills are non regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. So there are no limitations to go around hazardous and unsafe herbal weight loss pills in the market [ 3 ] .Economic EffectsMedical costs associated with corpulence and fleshiness may affect direct and indirect costs ( Wolf and Colditz, 1998 ; Wolf, 1998 ) . Direct medical costs may include preventative, diagnostic, and intervention services related to fleshiness. Indirect costs relate to morbidity and mortality costs. Morbidity costs are defined as the value of income lost from decreased productiveness, restricted activit y, absenteeism, and bed yearss. Mortality costs are the value of future income lost by premature decease [ 4 ] . Corpulent air riders demand the offering of wider seatsA in the aircraft. A survey reveals that corpulent riders are bing air hoses and other clients an estimated $ 75,000,000 US dollars a twelvemonth [ 3 ] ( 1242 words )Benefits and hazardsSurgeryOne survey of bariatric surgery, found a weight loss of between 14 % and 25 % ( depending on the type of process performed ) at 10A old ages, and a 29 % decrease in all cause mortality when compared to standard weight loss steps. A pronounced lessening in the hazard of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and malignant neoplastic disease has besides been found after bariatric surgery. Marked weight loss occurs during the first few months after surgery, and the loss is sustained in the long term. The most common perioperative complication is wound infection ( in approximately 3 % ) ; the most common late complication is anastomotic tummy stricture ( in approximately 5 % ) . Patients should be monitored every 4 to 6 hebdomad while weight loss is rapid ( normally about the first 6 minute after surgery ) , so every 6 to 12 minute. Weight and BP are checked, and eating wonts are reviewed [ 8 ] . ( 1472 words ) Type of comparing Gastric Bypass Gastric Band Duration of processs 1 – 4 hours 0.5 – 2 hours Length of twenty-four hours 2-3 hours A 1 – 2 yearss Postoperative addendums MVI, Fe, Ca MVI, Ca Estimated weight loss 50-75 % EBW 40 – 60 % EBW Side effects Dumping syndrome Vomiting Short term complications DVT/PE, anastomotic escape, pouch escape, GI hemorrhage DVT / PE, port-site infection, esophageal perforation Long term complications Gasterojejunostomy stricture, Fe lack anemia, Ca lack, B12 lack, fringy ulcer, internal hernia set slippage, device escape, eroding into stomach/esophagus, pouch expansion, device infection Mortality rate 0-1 % 0-1 % Table 2: Comparison between Gastric beltway and Gastric set ( bariatric surgery ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jpma.org.pk/full_article_text.php? article_id=638Alternate solutions1.Anti-Obesity Drugs/MedicationBesides surgery drugs, medicine besides can be utile to handle fleshiness. Most weight-loss medicines are â€Å" appetite-suppressant † medicines. Appetite-suppressant medicines promote weight loss by diminishing appetency or increasing the feeling of being full. These medicines decrease appetite by increasing 5-hydroxytryptamine or catecholamine — two encephalon chemicals that affect temper and appetite [ 13 ] . There are two types of drug intervention which are individual drug intervention and combined drug intervention.GENERIC NameTrade NAME ( S )Phentermine Adipex-P, Fastin, Ionamin, Oby-trim Sibutramine Meridia Table 3 – Prescription Weight-Loss Medication, illustration of drug intervention approved by the U.SFoodAndDrugAdminstration ( FDA ) for short term and long term usage. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.athealth.com/prescription medical specialties.html Proactol is one of the new drug which is clinically proved and recommended by the professional. ( 1612 words ) †It is hence encouraging to see that a merchandise like Proactola„? offers a healthy manner of doing it easier to take charge of your weight and eating wonts. It besides turn toing issues beyond weight direction, such as take downing cholesterin and equilibrating blood glucose fluctuations. † † ( Dr. J GruenWald had to state about Proactola„? ) clinical_study Graph 3: The graph shows how the proactol works to adhere the fat. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.proactol.com Proactol drugs can adhere up to 28 % of our day-to-day fat consumption, lower blood cholestrol and act as of course supressing your appetency. Proactol drugs have been trial and passes all of the guidelines set by the EU Directive ( MDD/93/42/EEC ) . It is 100 % side effects free [ 14 ] .2.Screening procedureNowadays we have dedicated pysicians, dieticians, physical therapist to assist those who have obesity by talk to those who are expert.Initial testing procedure include: Individual audiences with our physicians Nutrition reding including anthropometric informations assemblage and organic structure fat appraisal Behavioral alteration therapy ( 1768 words ) Physical activity guidance and exercising prescription [ 5 ] In order to contend and get the better of fleshiness one should non contend and stand entirely since they need support and aid from others.3.Social theraphySocial therapy is the therapy that involved the action taken by household, authorities and society in overcome this job either among themselves or others. What are you making about the environment? The city manager has outlined a program to hold a park within a 10-minute walk of all New York City occupants. This is portion of an attempt to make an even more walkable and bicycle-friendly metropolis. ( New York City and the Public Health Interview with Thomas R. Frieden, M.D. , M.P.H. Commissioner of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Interviewed by Xavier Pi-Sunyer, M.D. ) [ 6 ] . †Prof Anthony R. Leeds † †¦ For each kilogramme of weight lost, there is some metabolically active thin tissue lost with it. ( 1919 words )LocationStairss to Help Prevent and Decrease Overweight and ObesityHomeReduce clip spent watching telecasting and in other sedentary behaviours Build physical activity into regular modus operandisSchoolsEnsure that the school breakfast and tiffin plans meet nutrition criterions Supply nutrient options that are low in fat, Calories, and added sugarsWorkCreate more chances for physical activity at work sitesCommunityPromote healthier picks including at least 5 helpings of fruits and veggies a twenty-four hours, and sensible part sizes Create chances for physical activity in communities Table 4: Stairss to assist prevent and overcome fleshiness in different topographic points. [ 4,7 ]( 2026 words )3. Using Devicess: Palm runing system and PocketPC 2003 Treat overweight and fleshiness harmonizing to the Clinical Guidelines on Overweight and Obesity in Adults with this free synergistic plan for usage on Palm runing system and PocketPC 2003 devices of your manus that allows you to instantly bring forth individualised and evidence-based appraisal and intervention recommendations for each patient at the point-of-care that mention to the Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: the Evidence Report and the Practical Guide to the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults [ 9 ] . Features include Body Mass Index computation, appraisal of cardiovascular disease hazard factors, and finding of demand for intervention. ( Palm OS devive and Pocket Personal computer 2003, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute ) .PDA imagesFigure 4: Palm OS devive and Pocket Personal computer 2003, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute ( 2174 words )EvaluationProactol have been found to cut down fleshiness efficaciously since it is clinically proved and 100 % side effects free based on the mention hypertext transfer protocol: //www.proactol.com/side effects or are at that place practol side effects.htm. It besides been recomended by many physician and dietitions therefore make it a dependable beginnings. It besides shows equal reviewed consequences and certified by many administration such as UK vegetarian society and France ECOcert SAS. I have besides found the other beginnings ( Win control information web ( WIN ) coaction with national institutes of wellness and U.S section of wellness and human services and besides information services of national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases ( NIDDK ) .prescription.htm ) . This web gives the information about the side effects of drugs taken. It explain about the usage of label and which drugs are aprroved by nutrient and drug adminstration. It is a dependable beginnings since the information are from national and many other administrations. ( 2331 words )BibiliographyWebsitehypertext transfer protocol: // hypertext transfer protocol: //www.obesitytherapy, /a turning job for United Kingdom populations.html, herbal weight loss pills.htm, not medical consequences.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.CDC.gov Centre for Disease Control and Prevention/economic consequences.htm Sime Darby Healthcare.com/Obesity_Clinic.aspx.htm The Expert Weighs In New York City and the Public Health/October 2007 Obesity Management DOI: 10.1089/obe.2007.0063 Obesity treatment.htm Fleshiness and metabolic syndrom: Merck Manual Home Edition.html NHLBI Health Information Network at NHLBIInfo @ nhlbi.nih.gov www.obesity-cause-symptoms-treatment-cure.asp.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.WHO/obesityandaverweight.index.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wikipedia.com/obesity.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.athealth.com/prescription medicines.html Proactol % 20Side % 20Effects.htm Fleshiness and corpulence for professional: informations and statistics: U.S fleshiness tendencies Genomicss, resources, diseases, fleshiness editorial.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.obesitypanacea.com obesity.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.obesitystockphotoimages.com free fleshiness pictures.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wikipedia.com/obesity.htm 10 Healthy Dieting Tips Obesity Therapy.htm Good primary attention is the fleshiness medicine.htm International diary of fleshiness: 10 Healthy Dieting Tips _ Obesity Therapy.htm A © 2009 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. spouse of AGORA, HINARI, OARE, INASP, CrossRef and COUNTER hypertext transfer protocol: //patentdocs.com utilizations of egfr inhibitors to forestall or handle fleshiness hypertext transfer protocol: //www.weightlosssurgerymalaysia.com/weight-loss-surgery-laparoscopic-adjustable-gastric-banding-sleeve-gastrectomy-gastric-bypass-laparoscopic-bilio-pancreatic-d hypertext transfer protocol: //www.umm.edu/weightloss/roueny.htm Heisler, J 2009. What is The LapBand Weight Loss Surgery. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.surgery.about.com/od/proceduresaz/a/AdjGastrBanding.htm. Heisler, J 2009. Understanding Gastric Bypass Weight loss Surgery. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.surgery.about.com/od/proceduresaz/a/RouxEnYWLS.htm.TelevisionMedia Prima telecasting web in Malaysia ( TV3 play series MANJALARA ) , showed in 7 Mei 2007 with 75 episodes directed by Khabir Bhatia.BooksPearson instruction limited 2008, edexcel AS biological science. International edition, Campbell, reece, 6th edition publish by pearson instruction. Fleshiness, Etiology Assesement Treatment and Prevention preface by Jack.H.Wilmore and edited by Ross E Andersen, right of first publication by Human Kinetics Publishers in 2003 Surgery: A basic scientific discipline and clinical grounds, by Jeffrey A. Norton, A Philip S. Barie, A R. Randal Bollinger, publish by Springer in 2008 ( 2nd edition ) Fleshiness surgery: Principle and pattern by Cid Potombo 417 pages on page 385 article written by Robert A. Rabkin, MD, FACS, published by Mc Graw Hill Professional 2008. Laparoscopic bariatric surgery volume 1 by William B. Inabnet, Eric J. de Maria, Sayeed Ikramuddin,333 pages on page 300, published by Lippincot Williams and Wilkins 2004.Magazines33. JET,15 Dec 2003,64 pages vol 104 No 25, page 33-34, Surgeon Dr Mal Fobi †Revolutionizes Weight Loss Surgery with Fobi Pouch Operation for Obesity † , published by Johnson Publishing Company